Currently, people of different age groups suffer from various diseases of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, rheumatology and bone.Anyone at any age can get sick.But the most common diseases are those of the musculoskeletal system.These diseases can occur in both older and younger people.Small joints are most affected, such joints include the formations of the hands and feet.Why do the joints of bone structures hurt, what causes pain in the joints of the fingers and how to treat it?
Reasons
When pain occurs in the hand area, until a certain point we do not pay due attention to it;Meanwhile, the progression and development of the disease occurs.What diseases can cause pain in the joints of the fingers?The most common diseases of bone joints that can provoke a painful attack:
- Polyosteoarthrosis of bone joints.
- Arthritis (rheumatoid or psoriatic).
- Exacerbation of gout.
- tenosynovitis
- Risarthrosis.
- Extremity injury.
- Alteration of microcirculation.
- Pathology of the nerve endings or the spine.
- Untimely treatment of chronic diseases.
Why do my finger joints hurt?Pain in the joints of the fingers in various pathologies has different causes.Let us examine in detail the characteristics of pain in various pathologies.
Osteoarthritis
When poliosteoarthrosis occurs, pain in the joints of the fingers can appear both in people under 45 years of age and in people over 55 years of age.With this pathology, a distinctive feature is that when the joints are damaged, Heberden's nodules appear.They are located on the back of the palm, which is also characterized by the fact that they are formed in the same way (on the right and left hand at the same time in similar places).
Nodules may appear on the phalanges of the fingers (most often the index and middle fingers are affected).It is at the time of the formation of such a nodule that the patient may feel an unpleasant burning sensation, pain, swelling and redness.First of all, it is necessary to treat the original cause.
Rheumatoid arthritis
With rheumatoid arthritis, the finger joints hurt in 6 to 7 percent of cases.The disease can occur in people of different age groups, women are more often affected, and it is formed against the background of emotional stress, after colds, infections or hypothermia.The disease begins with inflammatory changes, then the affected joint swells slightly, the pain worsens when flexing the phalanges of the right and left hand.The injury is usually symmetrical and other joints, even large ones, may be affected.
The pathology has an inflammatory nature of pain (it intensifies at night and in the morning, and during the day and at night the pain attack subsides slightly).In addition to these symptoms, the patient feels a feeling of weakness, has a fever and may have chills.Therapy should be aimed at treating the underlying disease.
Psoriasis
In 5% of cases, pain may occur due to psoriatic arthritis.People between 20 and 50 years old who have skin lesions (psoriatic plaques) are affected.The peculiarity of the inflammatory process is that the disease has axial inflammation (all joints of the affected finger hurt).The skin over said joint has a burgundy color.
Inflammation can affect the joints of the bones of the right or left hand, but very rarely both at the same time, which indicates their asymmetry.
Drop
Gout is the culprit of pain in less than 4% of cases.It occurs more often in men, occurs most often with damage to the big toe, and then affects other joints.It occurs in the age range of 20 to 50 years.In the hands, the disease develops from an injury to the thumb (rarely the little finger), then spreads to other joints, the pain worsens at night, disrupting sleep patterns and quality, the thumb turns red and becomes hot to the touch.
The duration of an acute attack can reach up to 12 days, then the pain subsides.The paroxysmal course of pain syndrome is a characteristic of this disease.
Injuries
Limb injuries and dislocations play an important role when fingers hurt.When cartilage tissue is damaged, its gradual regeneration occurs, but there will no longer be complete and identical cartilage;In any case, it will have a defect of one degree or another.Initially, there may be no symptoms, but gradually the cartilage tissue wears away and no longer fully performs its functions, causing pain (pain occurs earlier when the little finger is affected).
Other diseases
De Carvin's tenosynovitis causes pain in 2-3% and involves an inflammatory process in the muscle tissue of the thumb.Typically, pain occurs at the base of the joint;It is spontaneous or caused by overload, intensifying with flexion and extension (the pain does not occur in the area from the index finger to the little finger).
With rhizarthrosis, the thumb of the hand hurts, pathology of its joint occurs, most often it manifests itself together with polyosteoarthrosis, less often independently.It is caused by a constant strong load.It is difficult to diagnose the disease from De Carvin's tenosynovitis.But this pathology has a special feature - deformation of the bones of the fingers, which is clearly visible on the x-ray of the hand.
Treatment
Timely and, most importantly, correctly prescribed treatment will help avoid pain in the later stages of life.The prevention of rheumatological diseases is an important point to maintain the same standard of living.But what to do and how to treat the disease if it arises or worsens?
Therapeutic methods should have a comprehensive effect, solve various problems and contribute to the restoration of damaged tissue.
First of all, it is necessary to correctly diagnose the cause of the disease, and then determine what method of treatment (medical or surgical).
Pharmacological treatment
The most common group of medications that can reduce or completely stop pain are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).In addition to the analgesic effect, they have anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicine can be applied independently, taking into account the available instructions.
For arthritis, when the joints of the hands hurt, glucocorticosteroids (GCS) are prescribed;This group has an anti-inflammatory effect that immediately stops the pain attack.To enhance the healing and regenerating effect, various oils and creams are used;They will also help relieve pain in a short time.
Physiotherapeutic methods of treatment and prevention are widespread.The most popular methods are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Ultra-high frequency (UHF) therapy.
- Ultraviolet and infrared irradiation.
- Performing gymnastic exercises.
- Therapeutic and restorative massage.
- Moderate physical activity.
Surgical treatment
This method is radical and is already used in the late and advanced stages of the disease.Surgery is performed using prosthetics, replacing joint surfaces or restoring blood flow.